ਸਿਗਰਟਨੋਸ਼ੀ ਨਾਲ ਵਧਦੈ ਫੇਫੜੇ ਦੇ ਰੋਗਾਂ ਦਾ ਖਤਰਾ

ਵਾਸ਼ਿੰਗਟਨ  (ਭਾਸ਼ਾ)-ਸਿਗਰਟਨੋਸ਼ੀ ਨੂੰ ਹਮੇਸ਼ਾ ਤੋਂ ਹੀ ਕਈ ਬੀਮਾਰੀਆਂ ਦਾ ਕਾਰਨ ਦੱਸਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ। ਇਕ ਨਵੀਂ ਖੋਜ ਮੁਤਾਬਕ ਇਹ ਫੇਫੜੇ ਦੀਆਂ ਬੀਮਾਰੀਆਂ ਦੇ ਖਤਰੇ ਨੂੰ ਵੀ ਵਧਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਨਿਊ ਇੰਗਲੈਂਡ ਜਰਨਲ ਮੈਡੀਸਨ ਵਿਚ ਬ੍ਰਿਗਹਮ ਐਂਡ ਵੂਮੰਸ ਹਾਸਪੀਟਲ ਦੇ ਖੋਜੀਆਂ ਵਲੋਂ ਸਿਗਰਟਨੋਸ਼ੀ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲੇ 12 ਵਿਚੋਂ ਇਕ ਬਾਲਗ ਵਿਚ ਫੇਫੜੇ ਦਾ ਆਕਾਰ ਅਸਾਧਾਰਨ ਦੇਖਿਆ ਗਿਆ। ਅਧਿਐਨ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲੇ ਹਿਰੋਤੋ ਹਤਾਬੂ ਨੇ ਦੱਸਿਆ ਕਿ ਇਹ ਅਧਿਐਨ ਸਿਗਰਟਨੋਸ਼ੀ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਿਆਂ ਦੇ ਫੇਫੜੇ ਦੇ ਆਕਾਰ ਨਾਲ ਸਬੰਧਤ ਅਸਮਾਨਤਾਵਾਂ ‘ਤੇ ਰੌਸ਼ਨੀ ਪਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ।  ਅਧਿਐਨ ਤਹਿਤ ਖੋਜੀਆਂ ਨੇ 2416 ਮੁਕਾਬਲੇਬਾਜ਼ਾਂ ਦੇ ਫੇਫੜਿਆਂ ਵਿਚ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਅਸਮਾਨਤਾਵਾਂ ਦਾ ਜ਼ਿਕਰ ਕੀਤਾ ਹੈ। ਉਸ ਨੇ ਦੱਸਿਆ ਕਿ ਫੇਫੜੇ ਦੇ ਅਸਾਧਾਰਨ ਹੋਣ ਦਾ ਸੰਬੰਧ ਉਸ ਦੀ ਕੁਲ ਸਮਰੱਥਾ ਦੇ ਘੱਟ ਹੋਣ ਤੋਂ ਹੈ। ਖੋਜੀਆਂ ਨੇ ਇਹ ਵੀ ਦੇਖਿਆ ਕਿ ਸਿਗਰਟਨੋਸ਼ੀ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਿਆਂ ਵਿਚ ਅਸਾਧਾਰਨ ਫੇਫੜੇ ਤੋਂ ਉਸ ਦੀ ਆਕਸੀਜਨ ਗ੍ਰਹਿਣ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਮਰੱਥਾ ਦੇ ਘੱਟ ਹੋਣ ਦਾ ਖਤਰਾ ਵੀ ਵਧ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।

Non-Vegetarian Diet Harmful To Human Health-Proofs & Facts

Non-vegetarian food is very expensive:

Feeding a hen with one kg of food gives 2 or 3 eggs. This is not very lucrative. Nowadays bird flu has raised suspicion in the peoples mind and India is not an exception.

Non-vegetarian is not strength giving:

The bulls, horses, buffaloes, rhinos and elephants are vegetarian and very strong, but jackal, leopards and lions are not that strong in spite of eating meat. The lion is always afraid of attacking an elephant hence it attacks from the back. Monkey and languor are vegetarians. Does any meat-eating animal have the capacity to jump like it? Dr. J.D.Krag, a strong supporter of vegetarian food says that he has found that several vegetarian Europeans are more intelligent, physically strong and good sportsmen when compared to non-vegetarians.

Non-vegetarian is the cause for several diseases:

According to the WHO report non-vegetarian food causes 159 different types of diseases. The most common diseases caused due to it are heart diseases, high blood pressure, kidney problem, gall bladder problems, wounds in arteries, eczema, paralysis, tuberculosis, constipation, pains, arthritis, hysteria etc. in comparison to it the vegetarian food is totally harm less, beneficial and cures diseases.

Non-vegetarian food weakens the bones:

American medical practitioner, Dr. A. Watchman and Dr. D.S.Bernstine have conducted a special study and declared their report. They said that non-vegetarian food weakens the bones gradually and they begin to deteriorate. The vegetarian people have strong bones when compared to non-vegetarians. In the non-vegetarians high quantity of alkaline and salts are excreted through urine, which causes deficiency of these salts in the blood. The blood fulfills the deficiency from the bones. The imbalance reduces the resistance power in the human beings.

Wild nature due to consumption of non-vegetarian food:

A famous scientist of Japan, Professor Venz has reached the conclusion on the basis of several experiments that non-vegetarian food plays a major role in raising the anger, anxiety, restlessness, hastiness, sexual desire ad criminal mentality. Therefore it is true that minute substances of food makes our mind and the mentality will be pious or passionate depending on the type of food we take.

Non-vegetarian food causes cancer and nervous diseases:

According to Dr. Khar T Loder Braston non-vegetarian food does not give strength and instead makes us weak it produces nitrogen's, which functions like poison for the nerves.

Dr. Arthur Underwood says that 85 per cent of the throat and intestines problems are due to non-vegetarian food. On contrary the vegetarian food contains substances, which can prevent cancer.

The author of Diet and Food Dr. Hugh has differentiated between various strengthening and anxiety causing food products and said that vegetarian food is strengthening and non-vegetarian food causes anxiety.

Food problems due to non-vegetarian food:

In the developed countries 6 tones of food is given to the cattle in order to produce one ton of meat. American scientist Borg Storm says that the amount of food given to the animals in order to obtain meat is sufficient to subside the hunger of worlds 50 per cent population. When 8 kg of vegetable protein is fed to the animals they produce one kg of meat protein. In the same way one non-vegetarian calorie can be obtained after burning 7 calories of vegetables. This is simply the wastage of protein and calories.

Britain's Bernard Vaidyaril says that it is beyond ethics to feed the animals with more than half the quantity of world's food grain in order to obtain meat at a time when millions of people are starving. The same food could be given to them to satisfy their hunger. In order to obtain meat sufficient for the survival of ten people, the land that is used for this purpose the same land can be used for cultivating peas, barley, millets and other food grains then 100 people can survive.

Avoiding the consumption of meat can reduce hunger: if the rich western countries stop eating non-vegetarian food then the food problem of the world can be overcome. On one hand the animals are given 40 crores tons of food every year, so that the rich people can eat the meat of these animals and on the other hand due to the deficiency of food grains around 50 crores population of the poor countries dies due to starvation every year.

Eggs:

Do you know that eggs have little amount of nutritional value? They are totally deficient in carbohydrates. The eggs are full of poisonous and harmful elements. Egg is the cause of several serious diseases; the high cholesterol content increases the risk of heart disease. The hens eat sputum, phlegm, nose secretions, worms, germs and other such filthy things. The eggs are produced from these things. Can egg increase the mental and intellectual quality of a person?

The following facts prove that egg is very low, dirty and the biggest enemy of health when compared to other food products. Eggs have lowest amount of nutritional elements:

1. Protein : Dals 22-25%; Eggs 13.3%; Paneer 24.1%; Separata Milk powder 38%; Soybean 43.2%

2. Carbohydrates : Dals 56 - 60%; Eggs 0%; Soybean 22.9%; Paneer 6.3%; Separata milk Powder 15%;

3. Calorie : Dals 334-353; Eggs 173; Lobhia 327; Paneer 348; Milk powder 357

4. Calcium : Dals 0.13-0.20%; Eggs 0.06%; Soybean 0.24%; Paneer 0.79%;separata milk Powder 1.37%;

5. Iron : Dals 8.4-9.8%; Eggs 2.1%; Soybean 11.5%; Roasted gram 8.9%;

6. Phosphorous : Dals 0.25-0.37%; Eggs 0.22%; Roasted peanuts 0.44%; Paneer 0.52%; Separata milk powder 1.4%

7. Mineral salts : Dals 2.1-3.6%; Eggs 1.0%; Soybean 4.6%; Roasted peanuts2.3%; Paneer 4.2%; Separata milk powder 6.8%;%;

Eggs contain high amounts of cholesterol, which causes high blood pressure and kidney problems. Frying an egg increases its cholesterol level further. Heart specialist Dr. col. K.L.Chopda and Dr. K.K.Agarwal say that the yoke of egg contains 220 mg cholesterol, which is dangerous for the heart. Nobel prize winner Dr. Brown and Dr.Goldstin have proved that eggs contain high amount of cholesterol and hence increase the risk of heart attack.

DDT poison:

30 per cent of the eggs contain DDT poison. This causes cancer, this was discovered by Lorida, America's agricultural department.

Evidin:

The egg white contains Evidin, which causes eczema and paralysis.

Acid:

The eggs contain nitrogen and phosphoric acid, which produces acidic substances in the body, which makes the person diseased.

Infectious bacteria:

The upper layer of the egg contains 15000 micro holes. The infectious bacteria entering the egg through these pores - salmonella, shigola and Staphylococci. these bacteria are responsible for disease of the intestines, due to which thousands of Indians die every year. Several thousands of people in England became the victims of a poisonous epidemic only because of salmonella bacteria.

Egg generates kapha:

According to a German professor Egtur Burg, Egg is responsible for generating 51.83 per cent of phlegm, which imbalance the nutrition's in the body and become the abode of dieses.

Eggs are not easily digestible:

Bile and pancreatic juices of egg are ineffective on egg white. Therefore 30 to 50 per cent of egg is excreted without being digested. This is the view of Professor Akoda of England.

Decay of food in the stomach:

According to Dr. E.V. Mekkalam the eggs do not contain carbohydrates and the amount of calcium is also very low, hence it decays in the stomach.

Eggs contain very less amount of vitamins: eggs contain very little quantity of iron, magnesium and vitamins. Especially vitamin B complex and vitamin C.

Egg causes diseases in any form:

Prof of microbiology in the university college of medicine, Dr. V.Talwad says that egg causes different types of disease whether eaten raw or in any other form.

Hens have lot of diseases:

The hens are carriers of bacteria and germs responsible for diseases like T.B and infect the persons eating it. (Dr. Robert Grass)

Hens are subjected to torture:

The following methods of tortures are applied on hens in order to get more and faster production of eggs:

- The hens are given injections of special hormones for egg formulation.

- The male chickens are made to sit under the hot Sun and are not allowed to sleep to make them young quickly.

- More hens are fitted in to the farms, where they cannot flap their wings, they bite one another and get injured.

- The hens are forced to sit in the sheds through out the day.

- The wings and beaks are chopped off with the help of hot metallic instruments and machines. This hard truth was mentioned in the world-renowned book, height for a new America, written by John Robins.

- Is it not foolishness to eat eggs containing 13 per cent protein and sacrificing vegetable food items containing 22 to 43-pr cent protein?

- Is it not stupidity to eat eggs, which are responsible for generating serious diseases instead of nutritious and healthy vegetarian food.

- Is it good to eat eggs 173 calories or vegetarian food containing 327 to 432 calories?

- Are we not encouraging violence and cruelty by eating the poor creatures that are subjected to different kinds of cruelty?

Inspirational factors for quitting eggs:

Eating eggs and meat is against the Vedas:

ya aamam maamsamadanti paurusheyam ca ye kavih

garbhaan khadanti keshavaastanito nashayaamasi

- Atharva Veda 8.6.23

In other words "I destroy the people who eat meat and eggs."

Smoking - health risks

You can eat five portions of fruit and veg a day and exercise regularly, but healthy behaviour means little if you continue to smoke.

The message that 'smoking is bad for you' is an old one, so not everyone gives it their full attention. Below we list the health risks of smoking.

Why quit smoking?

Most people know that smoking can cause lung cancer, but it can also cause many other cancers and illnesses.

Smoking kills around 114,000 people in the UK each year.

Of these deaths, about 42,800 are from smoking-related cancers, 30,600 from cardiovascular disease and 29,100 die slowly from emphysemaand other chronic lung diseases.                              

  

Term watch

‘Cardiovascular’ means the heart and circulation.

Cardiovascular disease causes:

• poor circulation,angina (chest pains),heart attacks
  
  

  
  

  
  

  • stroke.
  
  

  
  

  
  

  •          

How do cigarettes damage health?

Cigarettes contain more than 4000 chemical compounds and at least 400 toxic substances.

When you inhale, a cigarette burns at 700°C at the tip and around 60°C in the core. This heat breaks down the tobacco to produce various toxins.

As a cigarette burns, the residues are concentrated towards the butt.

The products that are most damaging are:

• tar, a carcinogen (substance that causes cancer)
• nicotine is addictive and increases cholesterol levels in your body
• carbon monoxide reduces oxygen in the body
• components of the gas and particulate phases cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD).

The damage caused by smoking is influenced by:

• the number of cigarettes smoked
• whether the cigarette has a filter
• how the tobacco has been prepared.                                            

Smoking affects how long you live

Research has shown that smoking reduces life expectancy by seven to eight years.

Did you know?

On average, each cigarette shortens a smoker's life by around 11 minutes.

Of the 300 people who die every day in the UK as a result of smoking, many are comparatively young smokers.

The number of people under the age of 70 who die from smoking-related diseases exceeds the total figure for deaths caused by breast cancer, AIDS, traffic accidents and drug addiction.

Non-smokers and ex-smokers can also look forward to a healthier old age than smokers.

Major diseases caused by smoking

Cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death due to smoking.

Hardening of the arteries is a process that develops over years, when cholesterol and other fats deposit in the arteries, leaving them narrow, blocked or rigid. When the arteries narrow (atherosclerosis), blood clots are likely to form.

Smoking accelerates the hardening and narrowing process in your arteries: it starts earlier and blood clots are two to four times more likely.

Cardiovasular disease can take many forms depending on which blood vessels are involved, and all of them are more common in people who smoke.

A fatal disease

Blood clots in the heart and brain are the most common causes of sudden death.

• Coronary thrombosis: a blood clot in the arteries supplying the heart, which can lead to a heart attack. Around 30 per cent are caused by smoking.
• Cerebral thrombosis: the vessels to the brain can become blocked, which can lead to collapse, stroke andparalysis.
• If the kidney arteries are affected, then high blood pressure or kidney failure results.
• Blockage to the vascular supply to the legs may lead to gangrene andamputation.

Smokers tend to develop coronary thrombosis 10 years earlier than non-smokers, and make up 9 out of 10 heart bypass patients.

Cancer

Smokers are more likely to get cancer than non-smokers. This is particularly true of lung cancer, throat cancer and mouth cancer, which hardly ever affect non-smokers.

The link between smoking and lung cancer is clear.

• Ninety percent of lung cancer cases are due to smoking.
• If no-one smoked, lung cancer would be a rare diagnosis - only 0.5 per cent of people who've never touched a cigarette develop lung cancer.
• One in ten moderate smokers and almost one in five heavy smokers (more than 15 cigarettes a day) will die of lung cancer.

The more cigarettes you smoke in a day, and the longer you've smoked, the higher your risk of lung cancer. Similarly, the risk rises the deeper you inhale and the earlier in life you started smoking.

For ex-smokers, it takes approximately 15 years before the risk of lung cancer drops to the same as that of a non-smoker.

If you smoke, the risk of contracting mouth cancer is four times higher than for a non-smoker. Cancer can start in many areas of the mouth, with the most common being on or underneath the tongue, or on the lips.

Other types of cancer that are more common in smokers are:

• bladder cancer
• cancer of the oesophagus
• cancer of the kidneys
• cancer of the pancreas
• cervical cancer

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a collective term for a group of conditions that block airflow and make breathing more difficult, such as:

Term watch

Chronic means long term, not severe.

• emphysema - breathlessness caused by damage to the air sacs (alveoli)
• chronic bronchitis - coughing with a lot of mucus that continues for at least three months.

Smoking is the most common cause ofCOPD and is responsible for 80 per cent of cases.

It's estimated that 94 per cent of 20-a-day smokers have some emphysema when the lungs are examined after death, while more than 90 per cent of non-smokers have little or none.

COPD typically starts between the ages of 35 and 45 when lung function starts to decline anyway.

Quitting can help

Lung damage from COPD is permanent, but giving up smoking at any stage reduces the rate of decline in lung capacity.

In smokers, the rate of decline in lung function can be three times the usual rate. As lung function declines, breathlessness begins.

As the condition progresses, severe breathing problems can require hospital care. The final stage is death from slow and progressive breathlessness.

Other risks caused by smoking

Did you know?

A single cigarette can reduce the blood supply to your skin for over an hour.

• Smoking raises blood pressure, which can cause hypertension (high blood pressure) - a risk factor for heart attacks and stroke.
• Couples who smoke are more likely to have fertility problems than couples who are non-smokers.
• Smoking worsens asthma and counteracts asthma medication by worsening the inflammation of the airways that the medicine tries to ease.
• The blood vessels in the eye are sensitive and can be easily damaged by smoke, causing a bloodshot appearance and itchiness.
• Heavy smokers are twice as likely to get macular degeneration, resulting in the gradual loss of eyesight.
• Smokers run an increased risk of cataracts.
• Smokers take 25 per cent more sick days year than non-smokers.
• Smoking stains your teeth and gums.
• Smoking increases your risk of periodontal disease, which causes swollen gums, bad breath and teeth to fall out.
• Smoking causes an acid taste in the mouth and contributes to the development of ulcers.
• Smoking also affects your looks: smokers have paler skin and more wrinkles. This is because smoking reduces the blood supply to the skin and lowers levels of vitamin A.

Smoking and impotence

For men in their 30s and 40s, smoking increases the risk of erectile dysfunction (ED) by about 50 per cent.

Did you know?

The British Medical Association estimates that up to 120,000 men have ED because of smoking.

Erection can't occur unless blood can flow freely into the penis, so these blood vessels have to be in good condition.

Smoking can damage the blood vessels and cause them to degenerate: nicotine narrows the arteries that lead to the penis, reducing blood flow and the pressure of blood in the penis.

This narrowing effect increases over time, so if you haven't got problems now, things could change later.

Erection problems in smokers may be an early warning signal that cigarettes are already damaging other areas of the body - such as the blood vessels that supply the heart.

Smoking and others

There are many health-related reasons to give up cigarettes - not just for smokers, but to protect those around you.

Babies born to mothers who smoke during pregnancy are twice as likely to be born prematurely and with a low birth weight.

Passive smoking

The 'side-stream' smoke that comes off a cigarette between puffs carries a higher risk than directly inhaled smoke.

Children who grow up in a home where one or both of their parents smoke have twice the risk of getting asthma and asthmatic bronchitis. They also have a higher risk of developing allergies.

Infants under two years old are more prone to severe respiratory infections and cot death.

For adults, passive smoking seems to increase the risk of lung cancer, but the evidence for an increased risk of heart disease is not yet conclusive.

Thinking about quitting?

As well as reducing your risk of getting a smoking-related illness, there are other benefits to quitting smoking.

• General health improves - tiredness and headaches can be linked to smoking.
• Your sense of taste and smell improve.
• Your heart will be less strained and work more efficiently.

Stopping smoking is the single biggest thing you can do to improve your health, but it's a difficult task.

Smokers who are trying to kick their habit may be disappointed to find there's no single quit method that guarantees success.

The weight of evidence suggests that smokers should set a date to stop, and do their best to quit completely from this point.

On average it takes four to five attempts to give up, and there are a number of thingsthat can help willpower:

• nicotine replacement treatment (NRT) in the form of gum, skin patches or nasal spray
• Zyban (bupropion) is a medicine that's licensed to help smoking cessation
• behaviour modification programmes
• alternative therapies such as acupuncture and hypnosis.

Based on a text by Dr Carl J Brandt